Garnet

Mineralogy :
Tradename(s) Almandine, Andradite, Demantoid, Grossular, Hessonite, Pyrope, Spessartine, Uvarovite,
Family
Description Occurs in gneiss, micaschists, eclogite, in clacareous and dolomitic metamorphic rocks. Crystals are embedded and growing on the surface. Large crystals are not uncommon. There are several types with different colors as described in the chemical composition (colors are listed by the dominant color but there may be variations for each type). The most common garnet is red.
Mohs 6.5-7.5
Chemical Composition

Almandine (red) - Fe3Al2[SiO4]3
Andradite (brown, black) - Ca3Fe2[SiO4]3
Demantoid (light green) - Ca3Cr2[SiO4]3
Grossularite (green) - Ca3Al2[SiO4]3
Hessonite (red-orange) - Mn3Al2[SiO4]3
Pyrope (rose red)- Mg3Al2[SiO4]3
Spessartine (orange) - Mn3Al2[SiO4]3
Uvarovite (emerald green) - Ca3Cr2[SiO4]3

Refractive Index
Specific Gravity 3.4 - 4.6
Cleavage Imperfect
Streak White
Localities Worldwide but most noteable places are South Africa, Brazil, Germany, Tanzania, Russia, Finland, Turkey, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Canada and Maine, New Hampshire, California / U.S.A.
Metaphysical :
Healing Purifies all body systems, especially the bood and heart. Aids in healing liver diseases. Aids in thyroid disorders. Health, committment, abandonment issues, creativity, passion, stimulates all chakras by movement of kundalini, amplifies emotional & mental, RNA/DNA.(1st Chakra)
Astrology Associated with the signs of Virgo, Capricorn, and Aquarius. Ruled by the planet Mars. Associated with the July Moon (Hay Moon).
Elemental Earth / Fire
Chakra 1st Chakra - Survival Center
Feng Shui Calms anger and improves circulation. Promotes vitality too. Improves productivity.
Legend / Folklore :
The name is derived from either the Latin word "granatus" (grain-like) or "granatici" (Pomegranate). Garnet has been known as the warrior's stone for a long time. It was carried by many soldiers to ward off death and injury. The stone was set in shields, buckles, and other items worn by Crusaders. In Italy, widows wore the stone in jewelry. It has also been used as a weapon against enemies by being shot out of a gun which inflicted serious or fatal wounds. The stones have been used in jewelry for centuries
Birthstone and other Information :

Birthstone for the month of January.
The 18th wedding anniversary stone.